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Cloud Rap article

Cloud Rap Subgenres, Explained

A guide to the subgenres and related styles adjacent to cloud rap: witch house, emo rap, lo-fi hip hop, Drain Gang's hyperpop fusion and Memphis rap roots.

Cloud Rap Subgenres, Explained

Cloud rap shares territory with several adjacent styles and gave rise to a number of related subgenres. Understanding these helps map the broader landscape of atmospheric, underground and emotionally introspective hip hop.

Witch House

Witch house emerged from the electronic music underground around the same period, sharing a dark, reverb-heavy aesthetic and an emphasis on mood over technical virtuosity. Where the latter is primarily vocal rap, witch house is typically electronic and instrumental or features heavily processed vocals. Artists like oOoOO and Salem operated in both worlds, and the two scenes overlapped significantly in the Tumblr era.

Emo Rap

Emo rap draws on this emotional directness and atmospheric production while adding influences from emo and post-hardcore rock. Artists like Lil Peep and XXXTentacion developed this fusion in the mid-2010s, incorporating guitar textures, confessional lyrics and a more overtly rock-influenced aesthetic. The SoundCloud rap wave of 2016 to 2019 was substantially shaped by this combination.

Lo-Fi Hip Hop

Lo-fi hip hop as a listening genre shares the hazy, textured production aesthetic but is primarily instrumental and designed for background listening. The term now encompasses a specific YouTube and streaming niche of looping, sample-based beats with jazz and soul influences. The two traditions share producers and a sensibility but serve different listening contexts.

Drain Gang and Hyperpop-Adjacent Styles

The Drain Gang collective — Bladee, Ecco2k, Thaiboy Digital and associates — developed a style that blends the original atmospheric production with hyperpop's synthetic, maximalist tendencies. Their work represents one of the most distinctive contemporary extensions of the original aesthetic into new sonic territory.

Memphis Rap and Screwed Music

Cloud rap draws heavily on earlier Memphis rap traditions and screwed and chopped music from Houston. The slowed tempos, 808 bass and lo-fi quality of Memphis rap from the 1990s (Three 6 Mafia, DJ Screw and others) are clear precursors to the cloud rap sound. SpaceGhostPurrp in particular has acknowledged this lineage explicitly in interviews.

For a complete introduction, see the complete guide. For the history, see the history guide.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does emo rap differ from the original style?

Emo rap adds rock instrumentation, particularly guitars, and a more melodic vocal approach influenced by emo and punk. The original style is more strictly rooted in hip hop production; emo rap represents a crossover that uses a similar emotional register but reaches toward rock-influenced sounds.

Is lo-fi hip hop the same thing?

They share a sonic sensibility but serve different purposes. Lo-fi hip hop is primarily instrumental background music distributed on streaming and YouTube. The latter is vocal-led and rooted in the rap tradition. The two overlap in production aesthetics and sometimes in artists, but they are distinct in function and context.

What is Drain Gang's connection to the original movement?

Drain Gang emerged from Sweden, the same country as Yung Lean, whose Sad Boys collective brought cloud rap to international attention. They represent a direct continuation and evolution of the Swedish atmospheric rap scene, blending dreamy production with more experimental and hyperpop-adjacent elements.

Did Memphis rap influence the sound?

Yes, significantly. SpaceGhostPurrp is from Florida but drew explicitly on Memphis rap traditions — the lo-fi cassette aesthetics, 808 bass and slow, dark production of artists like DJ Screw and Three 6 Mafia — in developing the genre's production style. This Southern lineage is a key part of the genre's DNA.

Are there European subgenres?

The Scandinavian extension of the sound — particularly the Swedish scene around Yung Lean, Sad Boys and Drain Gang — is the most distinct regional development. German and UK scenes have also produced atmospheric hip hop in a related vein, though they tend to be discussed under their own genre terms rather than as extensions of the original American tradition.

About Natalie Brooks

Natalie came up through Norwich's tight-knit DIY scene, where bands book their own tours and press their own records, and that self-made spirit shaped how she thinks about music. She champions the acts working outside the mainstream. She writes about independent music and the culture around it.

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